-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 | I'd the minimum is to separate HTML from the code and going through | templates. CSS is of course to be used fro the presentation layer. Using the term minimum like that, you have to define what for. If I write a small web application that needs to display some data, then the Borges way is good enough. Adding an MVC pattern to that seems overhead and adding to the complexity of thought more than anything else. I have helped develop a major CMS system and been trough with seperation ~ of code from presentation. Code and presentation can be thought of apart, but in real world they have many inherent dependencies. I just advise people to do things simple while that works, and use the big cannons on big animals. Did the point of cocoon being the thing to look at at the other end of the complexity scale get across ? kaspar - code philosopher - -- stolen off the net -- Excess on occasion is exhilarating. It prevents moderation from acquiring the deadening effect of a habit. ~ -- W. Somerset Maugham -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (MingW32) Comment: Using GnuPG with Thunderbird - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iD8DBQFAf9cSFifl4CA0ImQRAuJfAJ4kx/XinOYb/m+HDe+YJ16zQTK/aACeJ1FP nVRLlcmlo7LJSkWKuNrSnOw= =cehg -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----