There's an article up at http://www.perl.com/lpt/a/2002/01/30/pmcs.html which discusses the method used to implement complex data types in parrot's register system, Parrot Magic Cookies (PMCs). The article discusses how to create a new object type within the vm, and gives a bit of additional explanation about PMCs. If people are still thinking about cardinal, this may be of help. -pate