7stud -- wrote: > Because you mentioned C++, I'll just point out that "ruby references" are not like C++ reference types. In C++, a reference variable is an alias for another variable, which means that both variables refer to the same location in memory. If you use one of the variable names to change what is at that location in memory, the other variable, because it retrieves its value from the same location in memory, also refers to the changed value. In my ruby example above, x and y are not aliases--even though they refer to the same object 10. As a result, when y is assigned a new value, it does not affect x. -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.