Robert Klemme <shortcutter / googlemail.com> wrote: > On 30.07.2009 11:23, Mike Stephens wrote: > > I've just been re-reading Byte August 1981 - an edition dedicated to > > Smalltalk-80. Often people say Ruby has roots in Smalltalk (amongst > > other things) but the thing you notice is Smalltalk is visual ie it has > > a graphical interface. How is it that 28 years later we work by typing > > text into an editor? > > I do not know a programming language for which the basis is not text. Google is your friend: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_programming_language My favorite was Prograph. It wasn't just visual, it was dynamic: if you hit a bug while running, you could just fix it right then and carry on from the point of the bug (like Smalltalk, really). It was great for dataflow, but programming a loop of any kind was a pain. Nonetheless I'm surprised that after all these years we aren't programming by assembling parts diagrammatically. I started programming in 1964 and except for the punch cards nothing much has changed. :) OTOH if we *have* to be textual, Ruby strikes a very nice balance between conciseness and legibility. Objective-C or AppleScript are not just textual, they're novelistic! m.