[...] > Prefering instead a set of hacks which together solve the problem. > Never mind that when the boss comes in and specifies some > modifications three new hacks go on top of the old hacks. Then next > time three more hacks go on top... etc. Until the code becomes > unmanagable. I don't understand what you consider a hack (?). The people that helped you showed you a series of steps to solve your problem. You don't need to repeat this steps every time you want to apply your transformation. You can enclose them in a method of string, or in a function. Did it need to be specifically stated?