Please don't forget in addition, that Windows uses two different encodings internally. You will see this when typing "äöü" using a windows editor and listing the file using "type" in a windows console, which will then produce... C:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\wolfgang\Desktop>type umlaute.txt õ÷³ ...as output. This has the additional effect, that using Umlaute in strings in "irb" and writing this texts to a file... C:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\wolfgang\Desktop>irb irb(main):001:0> File.open('umlautausgabe.txt', 'w') do |f| irb(main):002:1* f.print 'äöü' irb(main):003:1> end => nil irb(main):004:0> exit ...will produce a file with some unreadable data, when opened with the Windows editor... ¡É In addition you will not be able to output utf-8 encoded data on a Windows console (except those character, that are ASCII) in a correct way. To use utf-8 encoded constants in Ruby programms is easy - you need to edit the data in utf-8 format by an editor. Unfortunately you need a "magic line" on Windows for Ruby 1.8. utf-8 encoded data usually has a BOM at the beginning of a file, which will not be ignored in Ruby 1.8. You must start a program with a line like... =nil ...to avoid this, and then start your Ruby program using... ruby -Ku programfile.rb In addition you should know, that Ruby 1.8 doesn't support utf-8 encoding in class String (there are existing extensions for that purpose), so String handling is still based on bytes. This did change completely for Ruby 1.9, where utf-8 support it embedded. Wolfgang Nádasi-Donner -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.