Thank you all. Those are great references that I added to our local Wiki. Here are some diagnostics on the links: Ruby Central was inaccessible when I tried it, 8:30 PDT Saturday. Ruby.org's copy of the Pragmantic Programmer's Guide is different (older?) than phrogz. This link: http://phrogz.net/ProgrammingRuby/language.html#predefinedvariables takes me to the right page but the #... didn't work. English looks great but it seems to be missing $: and probably a few other internal variables. Again, thank you all very much. Larry Fast -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.