Like many others, I knocked this out in a few minutes, while I was eating lunch. I then decided, like others, to try to do it different ways. I came up with 6 different solutions in about an hour, ranging from quite straightforward to bizarre and cryptic. I hope that those who are familiar with my musings, ponderings and pontifications will realize that the latter ones were out of my wheelhouse. ISTR that this problem came up not too long ago in the code golfing community. I won't go that far! --- Rick DeNatale My blog on Ruby http://talklikeaduck.denhaven2.com/