On Mon, May 21, 2007 at 03:25:06AM +0900, anoosh wrote: > 1)What are the meaning of symbols(:var) and Instance variables(@x) http://www.rubycentral.com/book/language.html For a definition of "instance variable" see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instance_variable http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_oriented I'm not sure what Java calls them - attributes? fields? properties? It's the state maintained by an individual object. The thing you use Java setters and getters to access. > 2)How can I define my own exception handling in Ruby? http://www.rubycentral.com/book/tut_exceptions.html