Hi -- On Sat, 12 May 2007, Human Dunnil wrote: > Thanks for the info, I knew << method is implemented by different > classes for different tasks. I really need info on bitwise operator. > > If you look at Ruby Quiz book (Page 240), you see: > > @num_sources = sources.size > @num_hashes = 1 << @num_sources > > I think << here is doing bit manipulation, which I do not get! It's got to do with binary arithmetic. For example, let's say you do: 12 << 2 In binary notation, 12 is 1100. If you shift that to the left by 2 (i.e., << 2), you get 110000, which is 48: 12 << 2 => 48 David -- Q. What is THE Ruby book for Rails developers? A. RUBY FOR RAILS by David A. Black (http://www.manning.com/black) (See what readers are saying! http://www.rubypal.com/r4rrevs.pdf) Q. Where can I get Ruby/Rails on-site training, consulting, coaching? A. Ruby Power and Light, LLC (http://www.rubypal.com)