Thank you Mauricio. This makes perfect sense now. On a separate note to all Ruby Newby persons: I am finding that Programming Ruby or the PickAxe book almost should be your 2nd or 3rd Ruby book. I am glad that I bought David Black's Ruby for Rails book and went through it entirely before coming back to Programming Ruby book. I have also bought Everyday Scripting based on my bookstore browsing and am planning on going through it next. I will continue to work through Dave Thomas's Programming Ruby book though. My advice to everyone based on my experience is that don't get frustrated and ask questions on this forum for clarifications. There are some very kind, patient, and knowledgable people who are willing to spare their time and facilitate the learning process. Regards, Bharat -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.