Thom Loring wrote: > Hmm...yeah, I figured that must be it, but I just didn't expect it with > numbers of this scale. Thanks for the insight! It isn't about the magnitude of the numbers, it is about the unseen bits. You could produce examples of numbers with very large or very small exponents and they are equally likely to have the sort of roundoff error you experienced. The only thing you can rely on with floating-point numbers is that the same sequence of operations, on the same platform, will produce numbers that will agree with each other when compared later. There are many packages now that use decimal instead of binary internal storage to avoid this sort of thing, at the expense of execution speed and storage space. But an interesting fact about binary vs. decimal is that projects that compute Pi to billions of places, now perform the entire operation in decimal internally, because the time required to convert the result from binary to decimal at the end of the computation turned out to be a substantial percentage of the entire calculation time. -- Paul Lutus http://www.arachnoid.com