Hi First off, thanks for letting me be a Ruby noob. I've read most of the Pickaxe book and most of Why's guide (whee it's in PDF now) and I am getting comfortable w/ Ruby. Coming from a long Java background I tend to try and find similarities of things in Ruby to things in Java, simply to try and 'get' them better. Modules have messed me up a bit but here's what I understand. (I'm the only Ruby guy at my office so I have no-one to throw these questions off of). Modules in effect 'wrap functionality', they have no other purpose than to package up code that can be used/imported/inlined into other code and classes. Since you can't instantiate them, they do nothing by themselves. They are part of a greater whole. That being said.. could they be seen (From a functional standpoint) as an abstract class? In other words, they are a piece of 'incomplete' functionality that we must implement / use and build on but we can't use by themselves. Thanks for your time. P.S. Do you package Modules in a different place than actual classes? (I still live like a java programmer and put all my classes in their own file.) -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.