Charlie Bowman wrote: > Is there a time at all where and is appropriate with integers? I know > that and represents a . in a float (this has already been fixed with the > plugin) Yes. There is prior art on this. Unfortunately is might be hard to Google because it is older and the word "and" is a Google stop word. I'm pretty sure that there is a paper or chapter by Knuth that addresses both this issue and the English versus American usage of billion. Maybe this is part of TeX? Generally, for any number z = x + y where neither x, nor y is zero and either x or y is a power of ten, then it is acceptable to say either x.to_English + " " + y.to_english or x.to_english + " and " + y.to_english This is recursive on x and y, but you would only want to use the second form once per z for numbers less than one hundred thousand. So "one hundred and twenty and three" is less preferred to "one hundred and twenty three," but "one hundred and seventy six thousand, three hundred and thirty two" is idiomatic. In American speech, a single "and" usually falls in the penultimate position, so "one hundred and twenty three" is preferred to "one hundred twenty and three." The second seems more common in British English, but perhaps this is archaic. If there are two "ands" then they are typically in the first and penultimate positions. Numbers greater than 10^8 can have up to three "ands", etc. -- Ray