I am still a wee bit confussed, I have tried from the depot prompt which is my rails application typing in: mysql -u <root> -p deport_development <db/creare.sql and I get ERROR 1045 <28000>: Access denied for user 'depot_development'@'localhost' <using password:NO> depot_development is the name of the database in my sql it is not a user. so I wonder what is the syntax of the mysql command, (which is the client version of mysql not the server!?) Also because I am using mysql server 4.1.16 the installed client software will not connect to the server because when you try the server will say authentication required. some where around mysql 4.1.1, i do not know exactly, the mysql server will only allow the users that have the older, shorter password type. This does seem crazzy but there is i guess a senceible reason.... which I do not Know.. I tried writing a php script to simply connect to the database server and select a database using root and its password, which is sheba and it works just fine so I know that the password that root currently has works. When you issue a mysql statement from the command line, what is the syntax please, and what is the -u and -p you mention, if you type in as I say above the mysql client does not ask for a password to connect to the mysql server, but why not?? I do not think the problem is the old and new passwords that the mysql server accepts I think it is to do with some other problem... can you suggest some very simple mysql statements that I can try out from the cmd prompt so I can see what works and what does not work? Please suggest some articles I can read about how to run a mysql command to actually run a flat file containing a bunch of mysql statements for creating a simple table? I know that I can create the table by typing the commands in to the mysql query browser, because I have done this many times and it works absolutely fine. I will keep an eye on this particular series of postings tommarrow... and if in a few days the trail goes totally stone cold may start a new topic... if that is not frowned upon!