J, I think the static class idea has thrown you off a bit. Not that I'm an expert on C#, but from what I've read it looks like a static class is how one implements the singleton _pattern_ in C#. While Ruby has singleton.rb with its Singleton mixin to do this kind of thing, it's not nearly as useful b/c one can also use a module and its "singleton class" (i.e. adhoc/eigenclass) to get much of the same effect. The irony here, is though they can overlap in usage the later is actually quite different and has more uses. So forget about the C# stuff for a moment and have a read of this page, http://rubygarden.org/ruby?SingletonTutorial That should clarify things for you. T.