On Thursday 21 October 2004 10:04 am, Gavin Kistner wrote: | On Oct 20, 2004, at 4:16 PM, trans. (T. Onoma) wrote: | > module ThisInstance | > class << self | > def hello | > puts "Hello World!" | > end | > end | > end | | Thank you for this; I'm just starting my project, and I have 6 | 'major-feature' handlers which are all Singleton classes -- namespace | and functional-separation wrappers for a bunch of methods. The above | smells cleaner to me. From the responses (thanks for those BTW!) I gather that using modules in this way is only good if there is no _state_ involved. As Brian points out there are thread safety issues otherwise. In other words this is good if it's just a bag of functions --a `toolbox` if you will. But David has also pointed out that rather then use the a heavy Singleton class, the virtual class (also called singleton) is probably better. a = Object.new class << a def hello puts "Hellow World! end end As long as you don't need to ask a.is_a?(SpecialThing) this is lighter weight solution. But I'm not sure right off how that plays into the initialization difference you raise. Have any notions on that? Likewise Thanks, T.