reading carl hewitt's seminal paper on the actor model: http://www.lcs.mit.edu/publications/specpub.php?id=762 my current impression is that actors are basically pure-OO objects using continuations (coroutines?) instead of stack-frame methods/subroutines. this way objects only require "promises" (in the form of the passing of context) rather than the final value (as with method stack-frames). (i think this important towards breaking free from von neumann architecture, ala bachus: http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/360000/359579/p613-backus.pdf?key1=359579&key2=7975779801&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=11111111&CFTOKEN=2222222 but i still can't quite seem to grok continuations, at least in terms of interpreting it for ruby, w/r/t closures and Kernel#callcc. this after reading dan "parrot" sugalski's weblog [http://www.sidhe.org/~dan/blog/], jim weirich's email [http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/78288 ], and rubygarden/c2.com/wikipedia articles on the subject: http://www.rubygarden.org/ruby?action=history&id=Continuations http://rubygarden.org/ruby?ContinuationExplanation http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/html/ref_c_continuation.html http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ContinuationExplanation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subroutine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine any futher help is much appreciated. thanks! -z