Is the more common convention: module Foo module Bar class Baz ... end end end or this: module Foo; end module Foo::Bar; end class Foo::Bar::Baz ... end I prefer the second because I dislike having to indent several times. Also, is there a possibility that Ruby will "autovivify": module Foo::Bar::Baz class Foo::Bar::Baz2 so it creates modules Foo, Bar, Baz automatically? -- dave